The configurations of the carbon atoms C_2 an | vedclass

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(D) To determine the configuration of $C_2$ and $C_3$,we assign priorities to the groups attached to each chiral carbon using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog $

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$S, R$

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(D) To determine the configuration of $C_2$ and $C_3$,we assign priorities to the groups attached to each chiral carbon using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog $(CIP)$ rules.For $C_2$ (the carbon attached to $COOH$):$1$. $-OH$ (priority $1$)$2$. $-COOH$ (priority $2$)$3$. $-CH(OH)CHO$ (priority $3$)$4$. $-H$ (priority $4$)Since the lowest priority group $(-H)$ is on the horizontal line,the configuration is reversed. The sequence $1$ $\rightarrow 2$ $\rightarrow 3$ is clockwise $(R)$,so it becomes $S$.For $C_3$ (the carbon attached to $CHO$):$1$. $-OH$ (priority $1$)$2$. $-CH(OH)COOH$ (priority $2$)$3$. $-CHO$ (priority $3$)$4$. $-H$ (priority $4$)Since the lowest priority group $(-H)$ is on the horizontal line,the configuration is reversed. The sequence $1$ $\rightarrow 2$ $\rightarrow 3$ is counter-clockwise $(S)$,so it becomes $R$.Thus,the configurations are $S$ at $C_2$ and $R$ at $C_3$.

The configurations of the carbon atoms $C_2$ and $C_3$ in the following compound are respectively:
$COOH-CH(OH)-CH(OH)-CHO$

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The configurations of the carbon atoms $C_2$ and $C_3$ in the following compound are respectively:$COOH-CH(OH)-CH(OH)-CHO$